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What is Baily's beads and diamond ring ?

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The encroaching edge of the moon is made irregular by the mountains, valleys, and craters on the lunar surface. During the final seconds before totality ( = before second contact ), the last edges of the sun's photosphere can be seen as a series of brilliant spots of light peeking through the valleys along the lunar edge. These series of lights is called Baily's beads. After that, the number of spots of baily's beads decreases, finally a single spot of photosphere shines through a valley of the moon's edge. This single Baily's bead shines like a brilliant gem set on a band by inner coronal light along a circular edge of the moon's disk. This wonderful phenomenon is called diamond ring. The diamond ring ends briefly. After the diamond ring, the brilliant red chromosphere, the thin lower layer of the solar atmosphere, can be seeen. After a few minutes or seconds of totality, before third contact, the brilliant red chromosphere can be seen again. Then, diamond ring can be seen again, and Baily's beas follows. Reference: "The Sun and the Moon", National Audubon Society Pocket Guides